Ubunkokeli
Inkcazo yobuNkokheli (Oxford)
1. Isenzo sokukhokela iqela labantu okanye umbutho.
2. (Webster) Ixesha apho umntu ebambe isikhundla sokuba yinkokeli. Amandla okanye amandla okukhokela abanye abantu.
Umntu olawulayo, okhokelayo, okanye ophembelela abanye.
Uya kufumana iinkcazo ezininzi zobunkokeli ezifanayo nezi, kodwa iinkokeli azizalwa nje. Iinkokeli ndiya kuba
ekubhekiselwa kubo ngabo bakhokelela ekulungelweni okukhulu koluntu, hayi abo baba ziinkokeli ngenxa yokuba namandla kunye
ukubawa ukulawula abanye ukuze bazive bekhulu ngeentswelo zabo zokuzingca. Unokuba yinkokeli enkulu kwinkampani enethamsanqa engama-500 kwaye usekwe phantsi ngaphandle kokuvumela impumelelo yakho ibe ngcono kuwe. Nje ukuba ukwisikhundla samandla ngaphakathi kwinkampani ke unoxanduva lokwenza oko unokukwenza kwabanye, ukusuka ekuqeshweni, ekuphuhliseni i-scholarship, kunye namathuba okucebisa kwisizukulwana esilandelayo. Nguwe kuphela onokumisela inkcazo yempumelelo yakho malunga nobomi bakho.
Sonke siya kufuna ukukhokela njengenqaku elithile lobomi bethu, nokuba oko kuthetha ukuba sizikhokele kuphela. Uninzi lwethu luya kuba neentsapho kwaye kufuneka lube ngumzekelo omhle kubantwana bethu kwaye bancedise ekuncedeni amaqabane ethu ukuba abe ziinkokeli. Emzini siyatshintshana ukuba ziinkokeli ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko. Kusenokusebenza okufanayo nasemsebenzini nakwindawo esingqongileyo, kwanakubahlobo bethu. Basenokuba bangena kwimeko enokuthi ekugqibeleni ibe neziphumo ezibi, kulapho kufuneka sizame ukubakhokelela kwicala elilungileyo. Ngaphambi kokuba sibe ziinkokeli zabanye, kuya kufuneka ukuba sibe ziinkokeli zethu. Kufuneka sibe ngabafundi ababalaseleyo abanezifundiswa kwaye sibe ngumfundi obalaseleyo wobomi. Uqeqesho lobunkokeli lukwaxhomekeke kulwazi esilukhethayo ukuzalisa iingqondo zethu kwaye okona kubaluleke kakhulu sisebenzise inkqubo yethu yokucinga enzulu ukugqiba ukuba sikhetha ukwenza ntoni ngalo lwazi. Kungenxa yokuba umntu ekunika ulwazi okanye ubona evela kumajelo eendaba akuthethi ukuba akufanele uyibuze okanye ukhangele ukuba ichanekile na ngokwenza uphando lwakho.
Olu hlobo loqeqesho luya kunciphisa amaxesha apho umntu okanye amaqumrhu azakuthatha ithuba lakho. Ukhuseleko lwethu olungcono luya kuvela kulwazi kunye nokulusebenzisa kunye nokwabelana ngalo xa ixesha lifikile. Kufuneka siziqeqeshe ukuba sibe ziinkokeli kuzo zonke iinkalo zobomi ukuze siphumelele ngakumbi kunezizukulwana zethu ezidlulileyo. Lilungelo kunye nomsebenzi wethu.
Ukucinga ngokugxekayo
Ukucinga Okubalulekileyo (Oxford)
1. Uhlalutyo lwenjongo kunye novavanyo lomba ukuze wenze isigwebo.
Ukukwazi ukucinga ngokucacileyo nangengqiqo. Kubandakanya ukukwazi ukubandakanya ukucinga kunye nokucinga okuzimeleyo. Umntu onezakhono zokucinga ezinzulu uyakwazi ukwenza oku kulandelayo:
•qonda unxulumano olunengqiqo phakathi kwezimvo
•chonga, akhe, aze avavanye iingxoxo
•bona ukungangqinelani kunye neempazamo eziqhelekileyo ekuqiqeni
•Sombulula iingxaki ngendlela ecwangcisiweyo
•chonga ukufaneleka kunye nokubaluleka kweengcamango
•qwalasela ukuthetheleleka kweenkolelo zomntu kunye ixabiso
Ukucinga ngokunzulu akungombandela wokuqokelela ulwazi. Umntu onenkumbulo entle nozaziyo izibakala ezininzi akanakukwazi ukucinga kakuhle. Umntu ocinga ngokunzulu uyakwazi ukufumanisa iziphumo kwizinto azaziyo, kwaye uyayazi indlela yokusebenzisa ulwazi ukusombulula iingxaki, kunye nokukhangela imithombo efanelekileyo yolwazi ukuzazisa. Ukucinga ngokunzulu akumele kubhidaniswe nokuba nengxabano okanye ukugxeka abanye abantu. Nangona izakhono zokucinga ezinzulu zingasetyenziselwa ukuveza ubuxoki kunye nokuqiqa okubi, ukucinga okunzulu kunokudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqiqweni ngokubambisana kunye nemisebenzi eyakhayo. Ukucinga okunzulu kunokusinceda sizuze ulwazi, siphucule iingcamango zethu, kwaye someleze iingxoxo. Singasebenzisa ukucinga okubalulekileyo ukuphucula iinkqubo zomsebenzi kunye nokuphucula amaziko entlalontle.
Abanye abantu bakholelwa ukuba ukucinga okunzulu kuthintela ubuchule ngenxa yokuba kufuna ukulandela imigaqo yokuqiqa kunye nengqiqo, kodwa ukuyila kunokufuna ukwaphula imithetho. Le yimbono ephosakeleyo. Ukucinga okubalulekileyo kuyahambelana nokucinga "ngaphandle kwebhokisi", ukuvumelana okucela umngeni kunye nokulandela iindlela ezingaziwayo. Ukuba kukho nantoni na, ukucinga okubalulekileyo yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokuyila kuba sifuna ukucinga okunzulu ukuvavanya nokuphucula imibono yethu yokuyila. (( http://philosophy.hku.hk/think/critical/ct.php ))